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//===- CGSCCPassManager.h - Call graph pass management ----------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
/// \file
///
/// This header provides classes for managing passes over SCCs of the call
/// graph. These passes form an important component of LLVM's interprocedural
/// optimizations. Because they operate on the SCCs of the call graph, and they
/// traverse the graph in post-order, they can effectively do pair-wise
/// interprocedural optimizations for all call edges in the program while
/// incrementally refining it and improving the context of these pair-wise
/// optimizations. At each call site edge, the callee has already been
/// optimized as much as is possible. This in turn allows very accurate
/// analysis of it for IPO.
///
/// A secondary more general goal is to be able to isolate optimization on
/// unrelated parts of the IR module. This is useful to ensure our
/// optimizations are principled and don't miss oportunities where refinement
/// of one part of the module influence transformations in another part of the
/// module. But this is also useful if we want to parallelize the optimizations
/// across common large module graph shapes which tend to be very wide and have
/// large regions of unrelated cliques.
///
/// To satisfy these goals, we use the LazyCallGraph which provides two graphs
/// nested inside each other (and built lazily from the bottom-up): the call
/// graph proper, and a reference graph. The reference graph is super set of
/// the call graph and is a conservative approximation of what could through
/// scalar or CGSCC transforms *become* the call graph. Using this allows us to
/// ensure we optimize functions prior to them being introduced into the call
/// graph by devirtualization or other technique, and thus ensures that
/// subsequent pair-wise interprocedural optimizations observe the optimized
/// form of these functions. The (potentially transitive) reference
/// reachability used by the reference graph is a conservative approximation
/// that still allows us to have independent regions of the graph.
///
/// FIXME: There is one major drawback of the reference graph: in its naive
/// form it is quadratic because it contains a distinct edge for each
/// (potentially indirect) reference, even if are all through some common
/// global table of function pointers. This can be fixed in a number of ways
/// that essentially preserve enough of the normalization. While it isn't
/// expected to completely preclude the usability of this, it will need to be
/// addressed.
///
///
/// All of these issues are made substantially more complex in the face of
/// mutations to the call graph while optimization passes are being run. When
/// mutations to the call graph occur we want to achieve two different things:
///
/// - We need to update the call graph in-flight and invalidate analyses
/// cached on entities in the graph. Because of the cache-based analysis
/// design of the pass manager, it is essential to have stable identities for
/// the elements of the IR that passes traverse, and to invalidate any
/// analyses cached on these elements as the mutations take place.
///
/// - We want to preserve the incremental and post-order traversal of the
/// graph even as it is refined and mutated. This means we want optimization
/// to observe the most refined form of the call graph and to do so in
/// post-order.
///
/// To address this, the CGSCC manager uses both worklists that can be expanded
/// by passes which transform the IR, and provides invalidation tests to skip
/// entries that become dead. This extra data is provided to every SCC pass so
/// that it can carefully update the manager's traversal as the call graph
/// mutates.
///
/// We also provide support for running function passes within the CGSCC walk,
/// and there we provide automatic update of the call graph including of the
/// pass manager to reflect call graph changes that fall out naturally as part
/// of scalar transformations.
///
/// The patterns used to ensure the goals of post-order visitation of the fully
/// refined graph:
///
/// 1) Sink toward the "bottom" as the graph is refined. This means that any
/// iteration continues in some valid post-order sequence after the mutation
/// has altered the structure.
///
/// 2) Enqueue in post-order, including the current entity. If the current
/// entity's shape changes, it and everything after it in post-order needs
/// to be visited to observe that shape.
///
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#ifndef LLVM_ANALYSIS_CGSCCPASSMANAGER_H
#define LLVM_ANALYSIS_CGSCCPASSMANAGER_H
#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/DenseSet.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/PriorityWorklist.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/LazyCallGraph.h"
#include "llvm/IR/CallSite.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/InstIterator.h"
#include "llvm/IR/PassManager.h"
#include "llvm/IR/ValueHandle.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <utility>
namespace llvm {
struct CGSCCUpdateResult;
class Module;
// Allow debug logging in this inline function.
#define DEBUG_TYPE "cgscc"
/// Extern template declaration for the analysis set for this IR unit.
extern template class AllAnalysesOn<LazyCallGraph::SCC>;
extern template class AnalysisManager<LazyCallGraph::SCC, LazyCallGraph &>;
/// The CGSCC analysis manager.
///
/// See the documentation for the AnalysisManager template for detail
/// documentation. This type serves as a convenient way to refer to this
/// construct in the adaptors and proxies used to integrate this into the larger
/// pass manager infrastructure.
using CGSCCAnalysisManager =
AnalysisManager<LazyCallGraph::SCC, LazyCallGraph &>;
// Explicit specialization and instantiation declarations for the pass manager.
// See the comments on the definition of the specialization for details on how
// it differs from the primary template.
template <>
PreservedAnalyses
PassManager<LazyCallGraph::SCC, CGSCCAnalysisManager, LazyCallGraph &,
CGSCCUpdateResult &>::run(LazyCallGraph::SCC &InitialC,
CGSCCAnalysisManager &AM,
LazyCallGraph &G, CGSCCUpdateResult &UR);
extern template class PassManager<LazyCallGraph::SCC, CGSCCAnalysisManager,
LazyCallGraph &, CGSCCUpdateResult &>;
/// The CGSCC pass manager.
///
/// See the documentation for the PassManager template for details. It runs
/// a sequence of SCC passes over each SCC that the manager is run over. This
/// type serves as a convenient way to refer to this construct.
using CGSCCPassManager =
PassManager<LazyCallGraph::SCC, CGSCCAnalysisManager, LazyCallGraph &,
CGSCCUpdateResult &>;
/// An explicit specialization of the require analysis template pass.
template <typename AnalysisT>
struct RequireAnalysisPass<AnalysisT, LazyCallGraph::SCC, CGSCCAnalysisManager,
LazyCallGraph &, CGSCCUpdateResult &>
: PassInfoMixin<RequireAnalysisPass<AnalysisT, LazyCallGraph::SCC,
CGSCCAnalysisManager, LazyCallGraph &,
CGSCCUpdateResult &>> {
PreservedAnalyses run(LazyCallGraph::SCC &C, CGSCCAnalysisManager &AM,
LazyCallGraph &CG, CGSCCUpdateResult &) {
(void)AM.template getResult<AnalysisT>(C, CG);
return PreservedAnalyses::all();
}
};
/// A proxy from a \c CGSCCAnalysisManager to a \c Module.
using CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy =
InnerAnalysisManagerProxy<CGSCCAnalysisManager, Module>;
/// We need a specialized result for the \c CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy so
/// it can have access to the call graph in order to walk all the SCCs when
/// invalidating things.
template <> class CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy::Result {
public:
explicit Result(CGSCCAnalysisManager &InnerAM, LazyCallGraph &G)
: InnerAM(&InnerAM), G(&G) {}
/// Accessor for the analysis manager.
CGSCCAnalysisManager &getManager() { return *InnerAM; }
/// Handler for invalidation of the Module.
///
/// If the proxy analysis itself is preserved, then we assume that the set of
/// SCCs in the Module hasn't changed. Thus any pointers to SCCs in the
/// CGSCCAnalysisManager are still valid, and we don't need to call \c clear
/// on the CGSCCAnalysisManager.
///
/// Regardless of whether this analysis is marked as preserved, all of the
/// analyses in the \c CGSCCAnalysisManager are potentially invalidated based
/// on the set of preserved analyses.
bool invalidate(Module &M, const PreservedAnalyses &PA,
ModuleAnalysisManager::Invalidator &Inv);
private:
CGSCCAnalysisManager *InnerAM;
LazyCallGraph *G;
};
/// Provide a specialized run method for the \c CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy
/// so it can pass the lazy call graph to the result.
template <>
CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy::Result
CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy::run(Module &M, ModuleAnalysisManager &AM);
// Ensure the \c CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy is provided as an extern
// template.
extern template class InnerAnalysisManagerProxy<CGSCCAnalysisManager, Module>;
extern template class OuterAnalysisManagerProxy<
ModuleAnalysisManager, LazyCallGraph::SCC, LazyCallGraph &>;
/// A proxy from a \c ModuleAnalysisManager to an \c SCC.
using ModuleAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy =
OuterAnalysisManagerProxy<ModuleAnalysisManager, LazyCallGraph::SCC,
LazyCallGraph &>;
/// Support structure for SCC passes to communicate updates the call graph back
/// to the CGSCC pass manager infrsatructure.
///
/// The CGSCC pass manager runs SCC passes which are allowed to update the call
/// graph and SCC structures. This means the structure the pass manager works
/// on is mutating underneath it. In order to support that, there needs to be
/// careful communication about the precise nature and ramifications of these
/// updates to the pass management infrastructure.
///
/// All SCC passes will have to accept a reference to the management layer's
/// update result struct and use it to reflect the results of any CG updates
/// performed.
///
/// Passes which do not change the call graph structure in any way can just
/// ignore this argument to their run method.
struct CGSCCUpdateResult {
/// Worklist of the RefSCCs queued for processing.
///
/// When a pass refines the graph and creates new RefSCCs or causes them to
/// have a different shape or set of component SCCs it should add the RefSCCs
/// to this worklist so that we visit them in the refined form.
///
/// This worklist is in reverse post-order, as we pop off the back in order
/// to observe RefSCCs in post-order. When adding RefSCCs, clients should add
/// them in reverse post-order.
SmallPriorityWorklist<LazyCallGraph::RefSCC *, 1> &RCWorklist;
/// Worklist of the SCCs queued for processing.
///
/// When a pass refines the graph and creates new SCCs or causes them to have
/// a different shape or set of component functions it should add the SCCs to
/// this worklist so that we visit them in the refined form.
///
/// Note that if the SCCs are part of a RefSCC that is added to the \c
/// RCWorklist, they don't need to be added here as visiting the RefSCC will
/// be sufficient to re-visit the SCCs within it.
///
/// This worklist is in reverse post-order, as we pop off the back in order
/// to observe SCCs in post-order. When adding SCCs, clients should add them
/// in reverse post-order.
SmallPriorityWorklist<LazyCallGraph::SCC *, 1> &CWorklist;
/// The set of invalidated RefSCCs which should be skipped if they are found
/// in \c RCWorklist.
///
/// This is used to quickly prune out RefSCCs when they get deleted and
/// happen to already be on the worklist. We use this primarily to avoid
/// scanning the list and removing entries from it.
SmallPtrSetImpl<LazyCallGraph::RefSCC *> &InvalidatedRefSCCs;
/// The set of invalidated SCCs which should be skipped if they are found
/// in \c CWorklist.
///
/// This is used to quickly prune out SCCs when they get deleted and happen
/// to already be on the worklist. We use this primarily to avoid scanning
/// the list and removing entries from it.
SmallPtrSetImpl<LazyCallGraph::SCC *> &InvalidatedSCCs;
/// If non-null, the updated current \c RefSCC being processed.
///
/// This is set when a graph refinement takes place an the "current" point in
/// the graph moves "down" or earlier in the post-order walk. This will often
/// cause the "current" RefSCC to be a newly created RefSCC object and the
/// old one to be added to the above worklist. When that happens, this
/// pointer is non-null and can be used to continue processing the "top" of
/// the post-order walk.
LazyCallGraph::RefSCC *UpdatedRC;
/// If non-null, the updated current \c SCC being processed.
///
/// This is set when a graph refinement takes place an the "current" point in
/// the graph moves "down" or earlier in the post-order walk. This will often
/// cause the "current" SCC to be a newly created SCC object and the old one
/// to be added to the above worklist. When that happens, this pointer is
/// non-null and can be used to continue processing the "top" of the
/// post-order walk.
LazyCallGraph::SCC *UpdatedC;
/// Preserved analyses across SCCs.
///
/// We specifically want to allow CGSCC passes to mutate ancestor IR
/// (changing both the CG structure and the function IR itself). However,
/// this means we need to take special care to correctly mark what analyses
/// are preserved *across* SCCs. We have to track this out-of-band here
/// because within the main `PassManeger` infrastructure we need to mark
/// everything within an SCC as preserved in order to avoid repeatedly
/// invalidating the same analyses as we unnest pass managers and adaptors.
/// So we track the cross-SCC version of the preserved analyses here from any
/// code that does direct invalidation of SCC analyses, and then use it
/// whenever we move forward in the post-order walk of SCCs before running
/// passes over the new SCC.
PreservedAnalyses CrossSCCPA;
/// A hacky area where the inliner can retain history about inlining
/// decisions that mutated the call graph's SCC structure in order to avoid
/// infinite inlining. See the comments in the inliner's CG update logic.
///
/// FIXME: Keeping this here seems like a big layering issue, we should look
/// for a better technique.
SmallDenseSet<std::pair<LazyCallGraph::Node *, LazyCallGraph::SCC *>, 4>
&InlinedInternalEdges;
};
/// The core module pass which does a post-order walk of the SCCs and
/// runs a CGSCC pass over each one.
///
/// Designed to allow composition of a CGSCCPass(Manager) and
/// a ModulePassManager. Note that this pass must be run with a module analysis
/// manager as it uses the LazyCallGraph analysis. It will also run the
/// \c CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy analysis prior to running the CGSCC
/// pass over the module to enable a \c FunctionAnalysisManager to be used
/// within this run safely.
template <typename CGSCCPassT>
class ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor
: public PassInfoMixin<ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor<CGSCCPassT>> {
public:
explicit ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor(CGSCCPassT Pass)
: Pass(std::move(Pass)) {}
// We have to explicitly define all the special member functions because MSVC
// refuses to generate them.
ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor(
const ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor &Arg)
: Pass(Arg.Pass) {}
ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor(ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor &&Arg)
: Pass(std::move(Arg.Pass)) {}
friend void swap(ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor &LHS,
ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor &RHS) {
std::swap(LHS.Pass, RHS.Pass);
}
ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor &
operator=(ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor RHS) {
swap(*this, RHS);
return *this;
}
/// Runs the CGSCC pass across every SCC in the module.
PreservedAnalyses run(Module &M, ModuleAnalysisManager &AM);
private:
CGSCCPassT Pass;
};
/// A function to deduce a function pass type and wrap it in the
/// templated adaptor.
template <typename CGSCCPassT>
ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor<CGSCCPassT>
createModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor(CGSCCPassT Pass) {
return ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor<CGSCCPassT>(std::move(Pass));
}
/// A proxy from a \c FunctionAnalysisManager to an \c SCC.
///
/// When a module pass runs and triggers invalidation, both the CGSCC and
/// Function analysis manager proxies on the module get an invalidation event.
/// We don't want to fully duplicate responsibility for most of the
/// invalidation logic. Instead, this layer is only responsible for SCC-local
/// invalidation events. We work with the module's FunctionAnalysisManager to
/// invalidate function analyses.
class FunctionAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy
: public AnalysisInfoMixin<FunctionAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy> {
public:
class Result {
public:
explicit Result(FunctionAnalysisManager &FAM) : FAM(&FAM) {}
/// Accessor for the analysis manager.
FunctionAnalysisManager &getManager() { return *FAM; }
bool invalidate(LazyCallGraph::SCC &C, const PreservedAnalyses &PA,
CGSCCAnalysisManager::Invalidator &Inv);
private:
FunctionAnalysisManager *FAM;
};
/// Computes the \c FunctionAnalysisManager and stores it in the result proxy.
Result run(LazyCallGraph::SCC &C, CGSCCAnalysisManager &AM, LazyCallGraph &);
private:
friend AnalysisInfoMixin<FunctionAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy>;
static AnalysisKey Key;
};
extern template class OuterAnalysisManagerProxy<CGSCCAnalysisManager, Function>;
/// A proxy from a \c CGSCCAnalysisManager to a \c Function.
using CGSCCAnalysisManagerFunctionProxy =
OuterAnalysisManagerProxy<CGSCCAnalysisManager, Function>;
/// Helper to update the call graph after running a function pass.
///
/// Function passes can only mutate the call graph in specific ways. This
/// routine provides a helper that updates the call graph in those ways
/// including returning whether any changes were made and populating a CG
/// update result struct for the overall CGSCC walk.
LazyCallGraph::SCC &updateCGAndAnalysisManagerForFunctionPass(
LazyCallGraph &G, LazyCallGraph::SCC &C, LazyCallGraph::Node &N,
CGSCCAnalysisManager &AM, CGSCCUpdateResult &UR);
/// Adaptor that maps from a SCC to its functions.
///
/// Designed to allow composition of a FunctionPass(Manager) and
/// a CGSCCPassManager. Note that if this pass is constructed with a pointer
/// to a \c CGSCCAnalysisManager it will run the
/// \c FunctionAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy analysis prior to running the function
/// pass over the SCC to enable a \c FunctionAnalysisManager to be used
/// within this run safely.
template <typename FunctionPassT>
class CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor
: public PassInfoMixin<CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor<FunctionPassT>> {
public:
explicit CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor(FunctionPassT Pass)
: Pass(std::move(Pass)) {}
// We have to explicitly define all the special member functions because MSVC
// refuses to generate them.
CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor(const CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor &Arg)
: Pass(Arg.Pass) {}
CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor(CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor &&Arg)
: Pass(std::move(Arg.Pass)) {}
friend void swap(CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor &LHS,
CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor &RHS) {
std::swap(LHS.Pass, RHS.Pass);
}
CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor &operator=(CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor RHS) {
swap(*this, RHS);
return *this;
}
/// Runs the function pass across every function in the module.
PreservedAnalyses run(LazyCallGraph::SCC &C, CGSCCAnalysisManager &AM,
LazyCallGraph &CG, CGSCCUpdateResult &UR) {
// Setup the function analysis manager from its proxy.
FunctionAnalysisManager &FAM =
AM.getResult<FunctionAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy>(C, CG).getManager();
SmallVector<LazyCallGraph::Node *, 4> Nodes;
for (LazyCallGraph::Node &N : C)
Nodes.push_back(&N);
// The SCC may get split while we are optimizing functions due to deleting
// edges. If this happens, the current SCC can shift, so keep track of
// a pointer we can overwrite.
LazyCallGraph::SCC *CurrentC = &C;
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Running function passes across an SCC: " << C
<< "\n");
PreservedAnalyses PA = PreservedAnalyses::all();
for (LazyCallGraph::Node *N : Nodes) {
// Skip nodes from other SCCs. These may have been split out during
// processing. We'll eventually visit those SCCs and pick up the nodes
// there.
if (CG.lookupSCC(*N) != CurrentC)
continue;
Function &F = N->getFunction();
PassInstrumentation PI = FAM.getResult<PassInstrumentationAnalysis>(F);
if (!PI.runBeforePass<Function>(Pass, F))
continue;
PreservedAnalyses PassPA = Pass.run(F, FAM);
PI.runAfterPass<Function>(Pass, F);
// We know that the function pass couldn't have invalidated any other
// function's analyses (that's the contract of a function pass), so
// directly handle the function analysis manager's invalidation here.
FAM.invalidate(F, PassPA);
// Then intersect the preserved set so that invalidation of module
// analyses will eventually occur when the module pass completes.
PA.intersect(std::move(PassPA));
// If the call graph hasn't been preserved, update it based on this
// function pass. This may also update the current SCC to point to
// a smaller, more refined SCC.
auto PAC = PA.getChecker<LazyCallGraphAnalysis>();
if (!PAC.preserved() && !PAC.preservedSet<AllAnalysesOn<Module>>()) {
CurrentC = &updateCGAndAnalysisManagerForFunctionPass(CG, *CurrentC, *N,
AM, UR);
assert(
CG.lookupSCC(*N) == CurrentC &&
"Current SCC not updated to the SCC containing the current node!");
}
}
// By definition we preserve the proxy. And we preserve all analyses on
// Functions. This precludes *any* invalidation of function analyses by the
// proxy, but that's OK because we've taken care to invalidate analyses in
// the function analysis manager incrementally above.
PA.preserveSet<AllAnalysesOn<Function>>();
PA.preserve<FunctionAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy>();
// We've also ensured that we updated the call graph along the way.
PA.preserve<LazyCallGraphAnalysis>();
return PA;
}
private:
FunctionPassT Pass;
};
/// A function to deduce a function pass type and wrap it in the
/// templated adaptor.
template <typename FunctionPassT>
CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor<FunctionPassT>
createCGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor(FunctionPassT Pass) {
return CGSCCToFunctionPassAdaptor<FunctionPassT>(std::move(Pass));
}
/// A helper that repeats an SCC pass each time an indirect call is refined to
/// a direct call by that pass.
///
/// While the CGSCC pass manager works to re-visit SCCs and RefSCCs as they
/// change shape, we may also want to repeat an SCC pass if it simply refines
/// an indirect call to a direct call, even if doing so does not alter the
/// shape of the graph. Note that this only pertains to direct calls to
/// functions where IPO across the SCC may be able to compute more precise
/// results. For intrinsics, we assume scalar optimizations already can fully
/// reason about them.
///
/// This repetition has the potential to be very large however, as each one
/// might refine a single call site. As a consequence, in practice we use an
/// upper bound on the number of repetitions to limit things.
template <typename PassT>
class DevirtSCCRepeatedPass
: public PassInfoMixin<DevirtSCCRepeatedPass<PassT>> {
public:
explicit DevirtSCCRepeatedPass(PassT Pass, int MaxIterations)
: Pass(std::move(Pass)), MaxIterations(MaxIterations) {}
/// Runs the wrapped pass up to \c MaxIterations on the SCC, iterating
/// whenever an indirect call is refined.
PreservedAnalyses run(LazyCallGraph::SCC &InitialC, CGSCCAnalysisManager &AM,
LazyCallGraph &CG, CGSCCUpdateResult &UR) {
PreservedAnalyses PA = PreservedAnalyses::all();
PassInstrumentation PI =
AM.getResult<PassInstrumentationAnalysis>(InitialC, CG);
// The SCC may be refined while we are running passes over it, so set up
// a pointer that we can update.
LazyCallGraph::SCC *C = &InitialC;
// Collect value handles for all of the indirect call sites.
SmallVector<WeakTrackingVH, 8> CallHandles;
// Struct to track the counts of direct and indirect calls in each function
// of the SCC.
struct CallCount {
int Direct;
int Indirect;
};
// Put value handles on all of the indirect calls and return the number of
// direct calls for each function in the SCC.
auto ScanSCC = [](LazyCallGraph::SCC &C,
SmallVectorImpl<WeakTrackingVH> &CallHandles) {
assert(CallHandles.empty() && "Must start with a clear set of handles.");
SmallDenseMap<Function *, CallCount> CallCounts;
CallCount CountLocal = {0, 0};
for (LazyCallGraph::Node &N : C) {
CallCount &Count =
CallCounts.insert(std::make_pair(&N.getFunction(), CountLocal))
.first->second;
for (Instruction &I : instructions(N.getFunction()))
if (auto CS = CallSite(&I)) {
if (CS.getCalledFunction()) {
++Count.Direct;
} else {
++Count.Indirect;
CallHandles.push_back(WeakTrackingVH(&I));
}
}
}
return CallCounts;
};
// Populate the initial call handles and get the initial call counts.
auto CallCounts = ScanSCC(*C, CallHandles);
for (int Iteration = 0;; ++Iteration) {
if (!PI.runBeforePass<LazyCallGraph::SCC>(Pass, *C))
continue;
PreservedAnalyses PassPA = Pass.run(*C, AM, CG, UR);
if (UR.InvalidatedSCCs.count(C))
PI.runAfterPassInvalidated<LazyCallGraph::SCC>(Pass);
else
PI.runAfterPass<LazyCallGraph::SCC>(Pass, *C);
// If the SCC structure has changed, bail immediately and let the outer
// CGSCC layer handle any iteration to reflect the refined structure.
if (UR.UpdatedC && UR.UpdatedC != C) {
PA.intersect(std::move(PassPA));
break;
}
// Check that we didn't miss any update scenario.
assert(!UR.InvalidatedSCCs.count(C) && "Processing an invalid SCC!");
assert(C->begin() != C->end() && "Cannot have an empty SCC!");
// Check whether any of the handles were devirtualized.
auto IsDevirtualizedHandle = [&](WeakTrackingVH &CallH) {
if (!CallH)
return false;
auto CS = CallSite(CallH);
if (!CS)
return false;
// If the call is still indirect, leave it alone.
Function *F = CS.getCalledFunction();
if (!F)
return false;
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Found devirtualized call from "
<< CS.getParent()->getParent()->getName() << " to "
<< F->getName() << "\n");
// We now have a direct call where previously we had an indirect call,
// so iterate to process this devirtualization site.
return true;
};
bool Devirt = llvm::any_of(CallHandles, IsDevirtualizedHandle);
// Rescan to build up a new set of handles and count how many direct
// calls remain. If we decide to iterate, this also sets up the input to
// the next iteration.
CallHandles.clear();
auto NewCallCounts = ScanSCC(*C, CallHandles);
// If we haven't found an explicit devirtualization already see if we
// have decreased the number of indirect calls and increased the number
// of direct calls for any function in the SCC. This can be fooled by all
// manner of transformations such as DCE and other things, but seems to
// work well in practice.
if (!Devirt)
// Iterate over the keys in NewCallCounts, if Function also exists in
// CallCounts, make the check below.
for (auto &Pair : NewCallCounts) {
auto &CallCountNew = Pair.second;
auto CountIt = CallCounts.find(Pair.first);
if (CountIt != CallCounts.end()) {
const auto &CallCountOld = CountIt->second;
if (CallCountOld.Indirect > CallCountNew.Indirect &&
CallCountOld.Direct < CallCountNew.Direct) {
Devirt = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (!Devirt) {
PA.intersect(std::move(PassPA));
break;
}
// Otherwise, if we've already hit our max, we're done.
if (Iteration >= MaxIterations) {
LLVM_DEBUG(
dbgs() << "Found another devirtualization after hitting the max "
"number of repetitions ("
<< MaxIterations << ") on SCC: " << *C << "\n");
PA.intersect(std::move(PassPA));
break;
}
LLVM_DEBUG(
dbgs()
<< "Repeating an SCC pass after finding a devirtualization in: " << *C
<< "\n");
// Move over the new call counts in preparation for iterating.
CallCounts = std::move(NewCallCounts);
// Update the analysis manager with each run and intersect the total set
// of preserved analyses so we're ready to iterate.
AM.invalidate(*C, PassPA);
PA.intersect(std::move(PassPA));
}
// Note that we don't add any preserved entries here unlike a more normal
// "pass manager" because we only handle invalidation *between* iterations,
// not after the last iteration.
return PA;
}
private:
PassT Pass;
int MaxIterations;
};
/// A function to deduce a function pass type and wrap it in the
/// templated adaptor.
template <typename PassT>
DevirtSCCRepeatedPass<PassT> createDevirtSCCRepeatedPass(PassT Pass,
int MaxIterations) {
return DevirtSCCRepeatedPass<PassT>(std::move(Pass), MaxIterations);
}
// Out-of-line implementation details for templates below this point.
template <typename CGSCCPassT>
PreservedAnalyses
ModuleToPostOrderCGSCCPassAdaptor<CGSCCPassT>::run(Module &M,
ModuleAnalysisManager &AM) {
// Setup the CGSCC analysis manager from its proxy.
CGSCCAnalysisManager &CGAM =
AM.getResult<CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy>(M).getManager();
// Get the call graph for this module.
LazyCallGraph &CG = AM.getResult<LazyCallGraphAnalysis>(M);
// We keep worklists to allow us to push more work onto the pass manager as
// the passes are run.
SmallPriorityWorklist<LazyCallGraph::RefSCC *, 1> RCWorklist;
SmallPriorityWorklist<LazyCallGraph::SCC *, 1> CWorklist;
// Keep sets for invalidated SCCs and RefSCCs that should be skipped when
// iterating off the worklists.
SmallPtrSet<LazyCallGraph::RefSCC *, 4> InvalidRefSCCSet;
SmallPtrSet<LazyCallGraph::SCC *, 4> InvalidSCCSet;
SmallDenseSet<std::pair<LazyCallGraph::Node *, LazyCallGraph::SCC *>, 4>
InlinedInternalEdges;
CGSCCUpdateResult UR = {
RCWorklist, CWorklist, InvalidRefSCCSet, InvalidSCCSet,
nullptr, nullptr, PreservedAnalyses::all(), InlinedInternalEdges};
// Request PassInstrumentation from analysis manager, will use it to run
// instrumenting callbacks for the passes later.
PassInstrumentation PI = AM.getResult<PassInstrumentationAnalysis>(M);
PreservedAnalyses PA = PreservedAnalyses::all();
CG.buildRefSCCs();
for (auto RCI = CG.postorder_ref_scc_begin(),
RCE = CG.postorder_ref_scc_end();
RCI != RCE;) {
assert(RCWorklist.empty() &&
"Should always start with an empty RefSCC worklist");
// The postorder_ref_sccs range we are walking is lazily constructed, so
// we only push the first one onto the worklist. The worklist allows us
// to capture *new* RefSCCs created during transformations.
//
// We really want to form RefSCCs lazily because that makes them cheaper
// to update as the program is simplified and allows us to have greater
// cache locality as forming a RefSCC touches all the parts of all the
// functions within that RefSCC.
//
// We also eagerly increment the iterator to the next position because
// the CGSCC passes below may delete the current RefSCC.
RCWorklist.insert(&*RCI++);
do {
LazyCallGraph::RefSCC *RC = RCWorklist.pop_back_val();
if (InvalidRefSCCSet.count(RC)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Skipping an invalid RefSCC...\n");
continue;
}
assert(CWorklist.empty() &&
"Should always start with an empty SCC worklist");
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Running an SCC pass across the RefSCC: " << *RC
<< "\n");
// Push the initial SCCs in reverse post-order as we'll pop off the
// back and so see this in post-order.
for (LazyCallGraph::SCC &C : llvm::reverse(*RC))
CWorklist.insert(&C);
do {
LazyCallGraph::SCC *C = CWorklist.pop_back_val();
// Due to call graph mutations, we may have invalid SCCs or SCCs from
// other RefSCCs in the worklist. The invalid ones are dead and the
// other RefSCCs should be queued above, so we just need to skip both
// scenarios here.
if (InvalidSCCSet.count(C)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Skipping an invalid SCC...\n");
continue;
}
if (&C->getOuterRefSCC() != RC) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Skipping an SCC that is now part of some other "
"RefSCC...\n");
continue;
}
// Ensure we can proxy analysis updates from from the CGSCC analysis
// manager into the Function analysis manager by getting a proxy here.
// FIXME: This seems like a bit of a hack. We should find a cleaner
// or more costructive way to ensure this happens.
(void)CGAM.getResult<FunctionAnalysisManagerCGSCCProxy>(*C, CG);
// Each time we visit a new SCC pulled off the worklist,
// a transformation of a child SCC may have also modified this parent
// and invalidated analyses. So we invalidate using the update record's
// cross-SCC preserved set. This preserved set is intersected by any
// CGSCC pass that handles invalidation (primarily pass managers) prior
// to marking its SCC as preserved. That lets us track everything that
// might need invalidation across SCCs without excessive invalidations
// on a single SCC.
//
// This essentially allows SCC passes to freely invalidate analyses
// of any ancestor SCC. If this becomes detrimental to successfully
// caching analyses, we could force each SCC pass to manually
// invalidate the analyses for any SCCs other than themselves which
// are mutated. However, that seems to lose the robustness of the
// pass-manager driven invalidation scheme.
//
// FIXME: This is redundant in one case -- the top of the worklist may
// *also* be the same SCC we just ran over (and invalidated for). In
// that case, we'll end up doing a redundant invalidation here as
// a consequence.
CGAM.invalidate(*C, UR.CrossSCCPA);
do {
// Check that we didn't miss any update scenario.
assert(!InvalidSCCSet.count(C) && "Processing an invalid SCC!");
assert(C->begin() != C->end() && "Cannot have an empty SCC!");
assert(&C->getOuterRefSCC() == RC &&
"Processing an SCC in a different RefSCC!");
UR.UpdatedRC = nullptr;
UR.UpdatedC = nullptr;
// Check the PassInstrumentation's BeforePass callbacks before
// running the pass, skip its execution completely if asked to
// (callback returns false).
if (!PI.runBeforePass<LazyCallGraph::SCC>(Pass, *C))
continue;
PreservedAnalyses PassPA = Pass.run(*C, CGAM, CG, UR);
if (UR.InvalidatedSCCs.count(C))
PI.runAfterPassInvalidated<LazyCallGraph::SCC>(Pass);
else
PI.runAfterPass<LazyCallGraph::SCC>(Pass, *C);
// Update the SCC and RefSCC if necessary.
C = UR.UpdatedC ? UR.UpdatedC : C;
RC = UR.UpdatedRC ? UR.UpdatedRC : RC;
// If the CGSCC pass wasn't able to provide a valid updated SCC,
// the current SCC may simply need to be skipped if invalid.
if (UR.InvalidatedSCCs.count(C)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Skipping invalidated root or island SCC!\n");
break;
}
// Check that we didn't miss any update scenario.
assert(C->begin() != C->end() && "Cannot have an empty SCC!");
// We handle invalidating the CGSCC analysis manager's information
// for the (potentially updated) SCC here. Note that any other SCCs
// whose structure has changed should have been invalidated by
// whatever was updating the call graph. This SCC gets invalidated
// late as it contains the nodes that were actively being
// processed.
CGAM.invalidate(*C, PassPA);
// Then intersect the preserved set so that invalidation of module
// analyses will eventually occur when the module pass completes.
// Also intersect with the cross-SCC preserved set to capture any
// cross-SCC invalidation.
UR.CrossSCCPA.intersect(PassPA);
PA.intersect(std::move(PassPA));
// The pass may have restructured the call graph and refined the
// current SCC and/or RefSCC. We need to update our current SCC and
// RefSCC pointers to follow these. Also, when the current SCC is
// refined, re-run the SCC pass over the newly refined SCC in order
// to observe the most precise SCC model available. This inherently
// cannot cycle excessively as it only happens when we split SCCs
// apart, at most converging on a DAG of single nodes.
// FIXME: If we ever start having RefSCC passes, we'll want to
// iterate there too.
if (UR.UpdatedC)
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs()
<< "Re-running SCC passes after a refinement of the "
"current SCC: "
<< *UR.UpdatedC << "\n");
// Note that both `C` and `RC` may at this point refer to deleted,
// invalid SCC and RefSCCs respectively. But we will short circuit
// the processing when we check them in the loop above.
} while (UR.UpdatedC);
} while (!CWorklist.empty());
// We only need to keep internal inlined edge information within
// a RefSCC, clear it to save on space and let the next time we visit
// any of these functions have a fresh start.
InlinedInternalEdges.clear();
} while (!RCWorklist.empty());
}
// By definition we preserve the call garph, all SCC analyses, and the
// analysis proxies by handling them above and in any nested pass managers.
PA.preserveSet<AllAnalysesOn<LazyCallGraph::SCC>>();
PA.preserve<LazyCallGraphAnalysis>();
PA.preserve<CGSCCAnalysisManagerModuleProxy>();
PA.preserve<FunctionAnalysisManagerModuleProxy>();
return PA;
}
// Clear out the debug logging macro.
#undef DEBUG_TYPE
} // end namespace llvm
#endif // LLVM_ANALYSIS_CGSCCPASSMANAGER_H
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